 | Immigrant factory workers outside a plant, about 1910. Copyright holder unknown. 8.12.7 |
 | Home of an Italian ragpicker, 1888-9. Jacob Riis photo. Courtesy of the Museum of the City of New York, 1220 Fifth Ave. at 103rd St., New York, NY 10029. All rights reserved. Our thanks to the Museum. In Beaumont Newhall, History of Photography, 1839 to the Present, 1949, p. 168. 11.2.1 |
 | Italian immigrants in the sleeping quarters that New York offered the newcomers. Lewis Hine photo. Lewis Hine Collection. Courtesy of The George Eastman House International Museum of Photography, 900 East Ave., Rochester, NY, 14607. All rights reserved. Our thanks to the Museum. In Milton Meltzer, Bread and Roses - The Struggle of American Labor 1865-1915, Alfred A. Knopf, 1967, p. 105. 11.2.1 |
 | Backyard scene of laundry in New York slum tenements at turn of the century. Detail of IM-C-87. Courtesy of The Seaver Center of Western History, Los Angeles County Museum of Natural History, 900 Exposition Blvd., Los Angeles, CA 90007. All rights reserved. Our thanks to the Museum. For permission to reproduce or use this Image, please refer to the Museum's website, www.nhm.org. In Oliver O. Jensen, American Album, 1968, pp. 254-5. 11.2.1 |
 | "A sweatshop tenement flat on Ludlow Street, New York. The garment makers - men, women and children - worked under miserable conditions on a subcontracting system." c. 1889. Jacob A. Riis photo. Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division, Washington, D.C. 20540. LC-USZ62-23305. In Milton Meltzer, Bread and Roses - the Struggle of American Labor 1865-1915, Alfred A. Knopf, 1967, p. 46. 11.2.1 |
 | Children playing in street sprinkler, c. 1915. Copyright holder unknown. Jessie Tarbox Beals photo. Community Service Society, 105 East 22nd St, New York, NY 10010. In Allon Schoener, Portal to America, 1967, p. 86. 11.2.1 |
 | Drawing of the interior of a railroad car of 1886 entitled, "The Modern Ship of the Plains," taking immigrants to the West. R.F. Zogbaum. Harper's Weekly, Nov. 13, 1886. Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division, Washington, D.C. 20540. LC-USZ62-2169. In Oscar Handlin, A Pictorial History of Immigration, 1972, p. 107. 8.12.7 |
 | An Italian mother and her baby in Jersey Street, New York City, 1888. Jacob Riis photo. Courtesy of the Museum of the City of New York, 1220 Fifth Ave. at 103rd St., New York, NY 10029. All rights reserved. Our thanks to the Museum. In Beaumont Newhall, History of Photography, 1839 to the Present, 1949, p. 168. 11.2.1 |
 | Bandit's Roost, 59-1/2 Mulberry Street, New York, NY, 1888. Group of men standing in an alley. Jacob Riis photo. Courtesy of the Museum of the City of New York, 1220 Fifth Ave. at 103rd St., New York, NY 10029. All rights reserved. Our thanks to the Museum. In Beaumont Newhall, History of Photography, 1839 to the Present, 1949, p. 169. 11.2.1 |
 | Immigrants in Hester Street in the mid-1880s, mostly Russian Jews. Area noted for food peddlers and producers of trimmings for the garment trade. Courtesy of The Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, 900 Exposition Boulevard, Los Angeles, CA 90007. All rights reserved. Our thanks to the Museum. In Oliver O. Jensen, American Album, 1968, pp. 252-3. 11.2.1 |
 | Immigrants on Hester Street, New York City, 1880s. Courtesy of The Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, 900 Exposition Boulevard, Los Angeles, CA 90007. All rights reserved. Our thanks to the Museum. For permission to reproduce or use this Image, please refer to the Museum's website, www.nhm.org. In Oliver O. Jensen, American Album, 1968, pp. 252-3. 11.2.1 |
 | Backyard scene of laundry in a New York slum at the turn of the century. Courtesy of The Seaver Center of Western History, The Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, 900 Exposition Boulevard, Los Angeles, CA 90007. All rights reserved. Our thanks to the Museum. For permission to reproduce or use this Image, please refer to the Museum's website, www.nhm.org. In Oliver O. Jensen, American Album, 1968, pp. 254-5. 11.2.1 |
 | "A Dutch mother and her eleven children on the way to Minnesota, 1908." Sherman Collection, National Park Service, U.S. Department of the Interior, 1849 C Street, N.W., Washington, DC 20240. In Oscar Handlin, A Pictorial History of Immigration, 1972, p. 197. 8.12.5 |
 | "A Scottish family on the way to Alabama, 1905." Sherman Collection, National Park Service, U.S. Department of the Interior, 1849 C Street, N.W., Washington, DC 20240. In Oscar Handlin, A Pictorial History of Immigration, 1972, p. 188. 8.12.5 |
 | Immigrant Dutch children. New York Public Library, 1211 Ave. of the Americas, New York, NY 10036. In Oscar Handlin, A Pictorial History of Immigration, 1972, p. 150. 8.12.5 |
 | "Chinese immigrants in a San Francisco customs house," 1877. Harper's Weekly, Feb. 3, 1877. In Oscar Handlin, A Pictorial History of Immigration, 1972, p. 155. 8.6.3 |
 | "In San Francisco the Chinese lived much as they had lived at home." Late 19th century. A street full of Chinese men in dress native to China. Copyright holder unknown. Arnold Genthe photo. Library of Congress, Prints & Photographs Division, Washington, D.C., 20540. Arnold Genthe Collection. LC-USZ62-41901. In Oscar Handlin, A Pictorial History of Immigration, 1972, p. 155. 11.2.1 |
 | "A traditional Chinese school in America," 1871. R.H. Conwell, Why and How, Boston, 1871. In Oscar Handlin, A Pictorial History of Immigration, 1972, p. 156. 8.6.3 |
 | "Father, mother and daughter work together sewing clothing at home." Lewis Hine photo. Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division, Washington, DC 20540. LC-USZ62-42207. In Oscar Handlin, A Pictorial History of Immigration, 1972, p. 219. 11.2.1 |
 | "An Italian family and five bunches of [artificial] flowers in its New York City home, 1908." Lewis Hine photo. Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division, Washington, DC 20540. LC-DIG-nclc-04072. In Oscar Handlin, A Pictorial History of Immigration, 1972, pp. 228-9. 11.2.1 |
 | "'Little Canada' - the French-Canadian district of a mill town, about 1900." Harvard University Social Ethics Collection. Carpenter Center Photography Archives. History Department, Robinson Hall, 35 Quincy St., Cambridge, MA 02138. In Oscar Handlin, A Pictorial History of Immigration, 1972, p. 259. 8.12.5 |
 | The Christian Moerlein Brewing Company, 1880. Germans maintained a monopoly on America's beer-manufacturing throughout the 19th century. Cincinnati Museum Center, 1301 Western Ave, Cincinnati, OH 45203-1130. In Bernard A. Weisberger, The American Heritage History of the American People, 1971, p. 143. 8.12.5 |
 | Pieter Breughel, The Harvesters, detail, 1565. European peasants as frontier settlers. Oil. See also IM-C-65. Copyright Metropolitan Museum of Art, 1000 Fifth Ave., New York, NY 10028-0198. All rights reserved. In Louis B. Wright, The American Heritage History of the Thirteen Colonies, New York, 1967, p. 113. 8.6.3 |
 | Pieter Breughel, The Harvesters, detail, 1565. European peasants as frontier settlers. Use with IM-C-64. Copyright Metropolitan Museum of Art, 1000 Fifth Ave., New York, NY 10028-0198. All rights reserved. In Louis B. Wright, The American Heritage History of the Thirteen Colonies, New York, 1967, p. 113. 8.6.3 |
 | Russian emigrants at Bismarck in the Dakota Territory. Group of men, women and children in Eastern European clothing in front of wooden building (probably the train station). Hiram H. Wilcox, 1900.
The Haynes Foundation. Courtesy of the Montana Historical Society, P.O. Box 201201, 225 North Roberts, Helena, MT 59620-1201. Not for resale. Permission is granted for ONE USE ONLY. Photo may not be re-used without written permission of the MHS Photograph Archives. This material may be protected by copyright law. (Title 17 U.S. Code). All rights reserved. In Eds. of Time-Life Books, This Fabulous Century, 1870-1900, 1970, p. 93. Our thanks to the Montana Historical Society. 8.12.5 |
 | Hester Street, c. 1903. The heart of New York City's Lower East Side. Records of the Public Housing Administration, U.S. National Archives and Records Administration, 8601 Adelphi Road, College Park, MD 20740-6001. In Oscar Handlin, A Pictorial History of Immigration, 1972, p. 213. 11.2.1 |
 | Map of the location of the foreign-born population in the U.S., 1840-60. Copyright holder unknown. American Heritage Publishing Co. In Bernard A. Weisberger, The American Heritage History of the American People, 1971, pp. 168-9. 8.12.5 |
 | Man carrying homework, garment industry, 1912. Lewis Hine photo. Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division, Washington, D.C. 20540. LC-DIG-nclc-04155. In Allon Schoener, Portal to America, 1967, p. 178. 11.2.1 |
 | Mexican migrant workers harvesting onions in New Mexico, 1968. Marcia Keegan photo. Courtesy of Marcia Keegan, Sante Fe, NM 87505. All rights reserved. Our thanks to Marcia Keegan. In Bernard A. Weisberger, The American Heritage History of the American People, 1971, p. 351. 11.11.1 |
 | A Mexican cotton picker in California's San Joaquin Valley, 1936. Dorothea Lange photo. FSA-OWI Photograph Collection. Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division, Washington, DC 20540. LC-USZ62-131118. In Bernard A. Weisberger, The American Heritage History of the American People, 1971, p. 350. 11.6.4 |
 | "Joe," Mings cook, Helena, MT, holding a fan, 1893.
Copyright Montana Historical Society, P.O. Box 201201, 225 North Roberts, Helena, MT 59620-1201. All rights reserved. Presented by Curtin Estate, 1933. Not for resale. Permission is granted for ONE USE ONLY. Photo may not be re-used without written permission of the MHS Photograph Archives. This material may be protected by copyright law. (Title 17 U.S. Code). In Bernard A. Weisberger, The American Heritage History of the American People, 1971, p. 238. Our thanks to the Montana Historical Society. 8.12.7 |
 | Family sleeping on a stoop in front of an apartment, c. 1890. Jacob Riis photo. The Granger Collection, 381 Park Avenue South, New York, NY 10016. In Allon Schoener, Portal to America, 1967, p. 234. 11.2.1 |
 | Child tenement dwellers on a fire escape. Copyright holder unknown. Amalgamated Clothing Workers of America photo. UNITE HERE, 275 7th Ave., New York, NY 10001-6708. In Allon Schoener, Portal to America, 1967, p. 235. 11.2.1 |
 | A group of tenement children around "Mullen's Alley," c. 1890. Jacob Riis photo. Courtesy of the Museum of the City of New York, 1220 Fifth Ave. at 103rd St., New York, NY 10029. All rights reserved. Our thanks to the Museum. In Allon Schoener, Portal to America, 1967, p. 236. 11.2.1 |
 | A bathtub wedged in the airshaft between two tenements, n.d. Jacob Riis photo. Courtesy of the Museum of the City of New York, 1220 Fifth Ave. at 103rd St., New York, NY 10029. All rights reserved. Our thanks to the Museum. In Allon Schoener, Portal to America, 1967, p. 240. 11.2.1 |
 | An alley strewn with bottles and trash, 1889. Jacob Riis photo. Courtesy of the Museum of the City of New York, 1220 Fifth Ave. at 103rd St., New York, NY 10029. All rights reserved. Our thanks to the Museum. In Allon Schoener, Portal to America, 1967, p. 241. 11.2.1 |
 | A courtyard on Baxter Street, with wash hanging from lines, c. 1890. Jacob Riis photo. Courtesy of the Museum of the City of New York, 1220 Fifth Ave. at 103rd St., New York, NY 10029. All rights reserved. Our thanks to the Museum. In Allon Schoener, Portal to America, 1967, p. 242. 11.2.1 |
 | Overview of rows of laundry on clotheslines between tenements, around the turn of the century. Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division, Washington, DC 20540. LC-USZ62-107329. In Allon Schoener, Portal to America, 1967, p. 243. 11.2.1 |
 | Mother with infant and children in sleeping area of a crowded tenement apartment, c. 1910. Lewis Hine photo. In Allon Schoener, Portal to America, 1967, p. 227. 11.2.1 |
 | Immigrant family working on garters at home, 1912. Lewis Hine photo. Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division, Washington, D.C. 20540. LC-DIG-nclc-04274. In Allon Schoener, Portal to America, 1967, p. 187. 11.2.1 |
 | Immigrants working at home cracking nuts, 1911. Lewis Hine photo. Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division, Washington, D.C. 20540. LC-USZ62-53124. In Allon Schoener, Portal to America, 1967, p. 188. 11.2.1 |
 | Immigrant woman and children doing handwork at home. "The Mauro family work on feathers and make $2.25 a week." 1911. Lewis Hine photo. Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division, Washington, D.C. 20540. LC-DIG-nclc-05482. In Allon Schoener, Portal to America, 1967, p. 189. 11.2.1 |
 | Immigrants making clothing at a shop, 1912. Byron Collection. Courtesy of the Museum of the City of New York, 1220 Fifth Ave. at 103rd St., New York, NY 10029. All rights reserved. Our thanks to the Museum. In Allon Schoener, Portal to America, 1967, p. 194. 11.2.1 |
 | The sweatshop, c. 1909. Lewis Hine photo. Courtesy of the The George Eastman House International Museum of Photography, 900 East Ave., Rochester, NY, 14607. All rights reserved. Our thanks to the Museum. In Allon Schoener, Portal to America, 1967, p. 196. 11.2.1 |
 | Little girl seated in a combined bath and laundry in a tenement sink, c. 1907-15. Lewis Hine photo. Courtesy of the The George Eastman House International Museum of Photography, 900 East Ave., Rochester, NY, 14607. All rights reserved. Our thanks to the Museum. In Allon Schoener, Portal to America, 1967, p. 221. 11.2.1 |
 | Mother and children in a tenement kitchen, 1915. Copyright holder unknown. Jessie Tarbox Beals photo. Community Service Society, 105 E 22nd St, New York, NY 10010. In Allon Schoener, Portal to America, 1967, p. 222. 11.2.1 |
 | "Tenement house tobacco strippers. Children work, despite the laws against their employment," 1888. Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper, Jan. 28, 1888. Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division, Washington, D.C. 20540. In Oscar Handlin, A Pictorial History of Immigration, 1972, p. 140. 8.12.6, 11.2.1 |
 | Boys working in the coal pits, 1908. Lewis Hine photo. Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division, Washington, D.C. 20540. LC-USZ62-23754. In Oscar Handlin, A Pictorial History of Immigration, 1972, p. 144. 11.2.1 |
 | A German boilermaker, c. 1900. Copyright holder unknown. Harvard University Social Ethics Collection. Carpenter Center Photography Archives. History Department, Robinson Hall, 35 Quincy St., Cambridge, MA 02138. In Oscar Handlin, A Pictorial History of Immigration, 1972, p. 186. 8.12.7 |
 | A German immigrant blacksmith in America, c. 1900. Copyright holder unknown. Harvard University Social Ethics Collection. Carpenter Center Photography Archives. History Department, Robinson Hall, 35 Quincy St., Cambridge, MA 02138. In Oscar Handlin, A Pictorial History of Immigration, 1972, p. 187. 8.12.7 |
 | "Finnish lumberjacks in Wisconsin, 1904." Copyright holder unknown. Pinchot Collection, Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division, Washington, D.C. 20540. In Oscar Handlin, A Pictorial History of Immigration, 1972, p. 193. 8.12.7 |
 | Immigrant family working on sewing at home: the Romana family, New York City, 1912. The boys are 12, 7 and 5. Lewis Hine photo. Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division, Washington, D.C. 20540. LC-DIG-nclc-04215. In Allon Schoener, Portal to America, 1967, p. 182. 11.2.1 |
 | Boy with bundle of homework - garment industry, 1909. Lewis Hine photo. Courtesy of The George Eastman House International Museum of Photography, 900 East Ave., Rochester, NY, 14607. All rights reserved. Our thanks to the Museum. In Allon Schoener, Portal to America, 1967, p. 176. 8.12.6, 11.2.1 |
 | Pushcart peddler in Lower East Side, New York, early 1900s. Copyright holder unknown. New York Public Library, 1211 Ave. of the Americas, New York, NY 10036. In Allon Schoener, Portal to America, 1967, p. 90. 11.2.1 |
 | Newsboys at the Brooklyn Bridge, midnight, 1906. Lewis Hine photo. Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division, Washington, D.C. 20540. LC-DIG-nclc-03191. In Allon Schoener, Portal to America, 1967, p. 79. 11.2.1 |
 | Newsboys and bootblacks shooting craps, 1912. Lewis Hine photo. New York Public Library, 1211 Ave. of the Americas, New York, NY 10036. In Allon Schoener, Portal to America, 1967, p. 78. 11.2.1 |
 | Street vendors on Hester Street, 1898. Byron Collection. Courtesy of the Museum of the City of New York, 1220 Fifth Ave. at 103rd St., New York, NY 10029. All rights reserved. Our thanks to the Museum. In Allon Schoener, Portal to America, 1967, p. 73. 11.2.1 |
 | Hester Street scene in New York, crowded with immigrants, c. 1903. Records of the Public Housing Administration, U.S. National Archives and Records Administration, 8601 Adelphi Road, College Park, MD 20740-6001. In Allon Schoener, Portal to America, 1967, p. 71. 11.2.1 |
 | Crowded Hester Street, early 1900s. Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division, Washington, D.C. 20540. In Allon Schoener, Portal to America, 1967, p. 69. 11.2.1 |
 | "Miners and breaker boys in the anthracite fields of Pennsylvania, about 1910." Copyright holder unknown. Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division, Washington, D.C. 20540. In Oscar Handlin, A Pictorial History of Immigration, 1972, p. 117. 11.2.1 |
 | Orchard Street in New York, 1898. Byron Collection. Courtesy of the Museum of the City of New York, 1220 Fifth Ave. at 103rd St., New York, NY 10029. All rights reserved. Our thanks to the Museum. In Allon Schoener, Portal to America, 1967, p. 70. 11.2.1 |
 | Slovaks and other eastern Europeans who found their way to mining towns like Shenandoah, Pennsylvania, often lived close to the mines in streets like this "Street of the Rocks," 1891. Copyright holder unknown. Hazleton Area Public Library, 55 North Church St., Hazleton, PA 18201. In Wayne Moquin, ed., Makers of America, Vol. 5, William Benton, Publisher, 1971, p. 241. 11.2.1 |
 | A slaughterhouse located near a public school in New York City's Fourteenth Ward, 1865. Lack of planning in the rapidly-growing cities created many such problems. New York Public Library, 1211 Ave. of the Americas, New York, NY 10036. In Wayne Moquin, ed., Makers of America, Vol. 3, William Benton, Publisher, 1971, p. 96. 8.6.5, 11.2.1 |
 | New York's Hester Street, c. 1888. Looking west from Clinton Street toward the Bowery. Popularly known as the Pig-Market, this stretch of the street was the principal shopping center of the most crowded slum district in the city. The Tenth Ward, known to the health offices as the "typhus ward" and to the Bureau of Vital Statistics as the "suicide ward." Into these tenements human beings were packed more densely than anywhere else in the world - London's worst slums and the rabbit warrens of China and India not excepted. Copyright holder unknown. New York Public Library, 1211 Ave. of the Americas, New York, NY 10036. In John A. Kouwenhoven, Columbia Historical Portrait of New York, 1953, p. 381. 8.12.5, 11.2.1 |
 | A street in the Five Points district of New York City, 1870. The slum streets were narrow, crowded and strewn with garbage. Copyright holder unknown. The Frederick S. Lightfoot Collection. All rights reserved. In Wayne Moquin, ed., Makers of America, Vol. 3, William Benton, Publisher, 1971, p. 99. 8.12.5, 11.2.1 |
 | Poverty and a shortage of decent housing forced many immigrants to New York City to live in primitive shanty towns. These are shanties along Eighth Avenue, 1875. Copyright holder unknown. The Frederick S. Lightfoot Collection. In Wayne Moquin, ed., Makers of America, Vol. 3, William Benton, Publisher, 1971, p. 98. 8.12.5, 11.2.1 |
 | A street scene in a predominantly Jewish section of New York's Lower East Side, about 1901. Hester Street & Clinton Street.
Ewing Galloway photo. Copyright holder unknown. New York Public Library, 1211 Ave. of the Americas, New York, NY 10036. In Wayne Moquin, ed., Makers of America, Vol. 7, William Benton, Publisher, 1971, p. 1. 8.12.7 |
 | A woman poses in the kitchen of her Chicago tenement, c. 1910. Lewis Hine photo. Courtesy of the The George Eastman House International Museum of Photography, 900 East Ave., Rochester, NY, 14607. Our thanks to the Museum. In Wayne Moquin, ed., Makers of America, Vol. 7, William Benton, Publisher, 1971, p. 17. 11.2.1 |
 | A German drawing of Milwaukee in 1850. The fifteen-year-old city had a population of more than 20,000 and was already a center of commerce and transportation. Wisconsin Historical Society, 816 State St., Madison, WI 53706. In Wayne Moquin, ed., Makers of America, Vol. 3, William Benton, Publisher, 1971, p. 72. 8.12.7 |
 | Italian family doing piecework at home in New York, about 1910. Sweatshops in the home, where the women and children could work conveniently, were very common. Lewis Hine photo. Courtesy of the The George Eastman House International Museum of Photography, 900 East Ave., Rochester, NY, 14607. All rights reserved. Our thanks to the Museum. In Wayne Moquin, ed., Makers of America, Vol. 7, William Benton, Publisher, 1971, p. 93. 11.2.1 |
 | Many Bohemians settled in the nation's large cities. Members of this Bohemian family made cigars in their tenement home in New York City; about 1900. Jacob Riis photo. Courtesy of The Museum of the City of New York, 1220 Fifth Ave. at 103rd St., New York, NY 10029. All rights reserved. Our thanks to the Museum. In Wayne Moquin, ed., Makers of America, Vol. 5, William Benton, Publisher, 1971, p. 188. 11.2.1 |
 | Sleeping quarters of immigrant workers on the New York State Barge Canal construction camp, 1909. Lewis Hine photo. Courtesy of the The George Eastman House International Museum of Photography, 900 East Ave., Rochester, NY, 14607. Our thanks to the Museum. In Wayne Moquin, ed., Makers of America, Vol. 7, William Benton, Publisher, 1971, p. 18. 8.12.7 |
 | A group of Welsh miners and their wives heckle "blacklegs" or scabs, many of whom are immigrants, brought in to work in the coal mines during a strike in 1871. Tamiment Institute Library, New York University, 70 Washington Square South, New York, NY 10012. In Wayne Moquin, ed., Makers of America, Vol. 4, William Benton, Publisher, 1971, p. 27. 8.12.7 |
 | Chinese shoe workers at work in Massachusetts, 1870. They were recruited by a special agent who was sent to San Francisco by the owner of the factory. The Granger Collection, 381 Park Avenue South, New York, NY 10016. In Wayne Moquin, ed., Makers of America, Vol. 3, William Benton, Publisher, 1971, p. 240. 8.12.7 |
 | Similar to the padrone system that victimized adult immigrants was the practice of exploiting Italian children as street musicians. This 1878 drawing shows a boy violinist standing before his master, who demands the boy's earnings. Encyclopedia Britannica, Inc., Britannica Centre, 310 South Michigan Ave., Chicago, IL 60604. In Wayne Moquin, ed., Makers of America, Vol. 5, William Benton, Publisher, 1971, p. 137. 8.12.7 |
 | This 1868 engraving shows New York rag-pickers, many of them immigrants, waiting to have their pickings weighed. They were paid from two to four cents a pound for rags and from one to three cents a pound for wastepaper. Minnesota Historical Society, 345 W. Kellogg Blvd., St. Paul, MN 55102-1906. In Wayne Moquin, ed., Makers of America, Vol. 3, William Benton, Publisher, 1971, p. 35. 8.12.7 |
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