The History Project - University of California, Davis
Boys at the breaker removing slate from the coal.

Copyright holder unknown. In American Heritage, April 1960, p. 59. 11.2.1

"Street of Rocks," Shenandoah, PA.

Copyright holder unknown. C. Harold Coon Collection. Hazleton Area Public Library, 55 N. Church St., Hazelton, PA 18201. All rights reserved. In American Heritage, April 1960, p. 57. 11.2.1

Neil Gallagher, Worked Two Years in Breaker. Leg Crushed Between Cars. Aged 13. Wilkes Barre, Pa., November 1909.

Lewis Hine photo. The National Child Labor Committee Collection, Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division, Washington, DC 20540. LC-DIG-nclc-04573. In Judith Gutman, Lewis Hine and the American Social Conscience, 1967, p. 95. 11.2.1

Coal miners in Pennsylvania are pictured during the midday meal break. 1912. None is older than 12, but they got their jobs by claiming to be 14, the legal minimum age. They separated bits of stone from the coal. Others picked slate from swiftly moving streams of coal. The result appears in the drawn, prematurely aged faces seen in this picture.

Lewis Hine photo. Courtesy of The George Eastman House International Museum of Photography, 900 East Ave., Rochester, NY, 14607. All rights reserved. Our thanks to The Museum. In Life History of the United States, Time-Life Books, 1974, Vol. 8, p. 76. 11.2.1, 11.6.5

“The History Project has been invaluable in providing teachers with useful, timely, and rigorous hands-on activities for Geography, World History and US History. Having the opportunity to hear and speak with university professors who are experts in their fields and actually having time to collaborate with educators throughout the region are certainly strengths of the program. Educators, take advantage of the History Project offerings; they will take your teaching to a much higher level, and you'll have fun in the process!”

Carrie Malenab
Vice Pricipal
Pleasant Grove High School