The History Project - University of California, Davis

Image Collection / 8.00 / 8.4 / 1.00

	Fall Colors at Betatakin, Navajo National Monument, Tonalea, AZ Copyright Bob Bradshaw, Sr., c/o John Bradshaw, 252 N. Hwy. 89-A, Sedona, AZ 86336. All rights reserved. In Bob Bradshaw, "Land of the Navajo: Monument Valley and Canyon de Chelly," 1965
	Map of New England, 1677, woodcut The John Carter Brown Library, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912
	Map of coast and banks Karen Halttunen photo
	Bow of ship in port Karen Halttunen photo
	"First cottage at Angelica, New York," 1809 Copyright holder unknown. In Anthony F.C. Wallace, "Jefferson and the Indians," Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA, 1999
	"View of the Seat of Moses Gill, Esq. of Princeton," Worcester, MA, 1791; depicts agricultural prosperity; engraving Massachusetts Magazine, 1792. The Boston Athenæum, 10 1/2 Beacon St, Boston, MA 02108. Courtesy of The Society for the Preservation of New England Antiquities, 141 Cambridge St, Boston, MA 02114
	Benjamin Franklin, "Hercules and the Waggoner," 1747; depicts Pennsylvania grain prosperity The John Carter Brown Library, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912
	Horatio Greenough, "Rescue," c. 1837-53, marble, h: 11' 9", w: 10' 2". In storage; removed from the staircase on the east facade of the Capitol in 1958 U.S. Capitol Building, Washington, DC. Courtesy of The Honorable Alan M. Hantman, FAIA, Architect of the Capitol, US Capitol, Washington, DC 20515.
	Michele Felice Cornè (attributed), "New England County Seat," 1800-22 Location unknown. Karen Halttunen photo
	Tomotley Plantation, Beaufort or Colleton County, SC, late 17th century Copyright holder unknown. Charleston Post Card Co., Inc., Charleston, SC.
	Second Presbyterian Church, Charleston, SC, 1807 Copyright holder unknown. Charleston Post Card Co., Inc., Charleston, SC.
	Asher Durand, "The Beeches," 1845, oil on canvas; 60 3/8 x 48 1/8 in. (153.4 x 122.2 cm) Copyright Metropolitan Museum of Art, 1000 Fifth Ave., New York, NY 10028-0198. Bequest of Maria DeWitt Jesup, from the collection of her husband, Morris K. Jesup, 1914 (15.30.59). http://metmus.org. All rights reserved.
	Albert Bierstadt, "Sunrise on Matterhorn," 1875, oil on canvas, 58 1/2 x 42 5/8 inches (148.6 x 108.3 cm) Copyright holder unknown: Private collection
	"Leyden Street," 1853, drawing W.H. Bartlett, "The Pilgrim Fathers" (London: Arthur Hall, Virtue & Co., 1853)
	"Meeting-house, Star Island," Isles of Shoals, NH, 1875, woodcut Samuel A. Drake, "Nooks and Corners of the New England Coast," 1875
	"Gorge, Bald Head Cliff," 1875 Samuel A. Drake, "Nooks and Corners of the New England Coast," 1875
	"Devil's Den and Schooner Head," 1875 Samuel A. Drake, "Nooks and Corners of the New England Coast," 1875
	"Cave of the Sea, Schooner Head," 1875 Samuel A. Drake, "Nooks and Corners of the New England Coast," 1875
	"The Stone Wall," 1875 Samuel A. Drake, "Nooks and Corners of the New England Coast," 1875
	"The Graves, with Captain John Smith's Monument," Star Island, NH, 1875 Samuel A. Drake, "Nooks and Corners of the New England Coast," 1875
	"Cliffs, White Island," 1875 Samuel A. Drake, "Nooks and Corners of the New England Coast," 1875
	"Great Head," Marblehead, MA, 1875 Samuel A. Drake, "Nooks and Corners of the New England Coast," 1875
	"The Churn," Marblehead, MA, 1875 Samuel A. Drake, "Nooks and Corners of the New England Coast," 1875
	"Spouting Rock," Newport, RI, 1875 Samuel A. Drake, "Nooks and Corners of the New England Coast," 1875
	"Kendall's Painting in Oil, 1807," Dighton Rock Publications of The Colonial Society of Massachusetts, Volume XX, The Colonial Society of Massachusetts, 87 Mount Vernon St, Boston, MA 02108.
	"Greenwood Letter B" regarding Dighton Rock, 1730; rock above, inscription below Publications of The Colonial Society of Massachusetts, Volume XX, The Colonial Society of Massachusetts, 87 Mount Vernon St, Boston, MA 02108.
	Isaac Greenwood sketch and copy of inscription of Dighton Rock, 1730, and Danforth, 1680 David I. Bushnell, Jr., article, American Anthropologist, 10 (1908): oppos. p. 253. Karen Halttunen photo
	"Greenwood Letter A," 1730; sketch of Dighton Rock on top, inscription below Publications of The Colonial Society of Massachusetts, Volume XX, The Colonial Society of Massachusetts, 87 Mount Vernon St, Boston, MA 02108.
	Dighton Rock, photo "Dighton Bi-Centennial Celebration," July 17, 1912(?), p. 86
	"Dighton Rock, Dighton, Mass.," photo Copyright holder unknown. Karen Halttunen photo
	Sophia Brown's copy, 1864, of Joseph Gooding's drawing of Dighton Rock inscription, 1790 Hale Mass, Dighton Rock essay, 1865, American Antiquarian Society. Karen Halttunen photo
	"Burgess' Photograph of Dighton Rock, 1868" Publications of The Colonial Society of Massachusetts, Volume XX, The Colonial Society of Massachusetts, 87 Mount Vernon St, Boston, MA 02108.
	Bartlett's sketch of Dighton Rock, 1834 Publications of The Colonial Society of Massachusetts, Volume XX, The Colonial Society of Massachusetts, 87 Mount Vernon St, Boston, MA 02108.
	"A Savant Points the Way," Edmund Delabarre shows Clara Sharpe Hough the date (invisible) of 1511 on Dighton Rock, 1926, photo Copyright holder unknown. In New Bedford, MA, Sunday Standard, Aug. 29, 1926
	"Dighton Rock," 1864 (?), lithograph Karen Halttunen photo
	"Lort's Reproduction of Danforth's Drawing, 1680," of Dighton Rock, upper; and "Cotton Mather's Drawing, 1690," lower Publications of The Colonial Society of Massachusetts, Volume XX, The Colonial Society of Massachusetts, 87 Mount Vernon St, Boston, MA 02108.
	Cotton Mather broadside of Dighton Rock inscriptions Publications of The Colonial Society of Massachusetts, Volume XX, The Colonial Society of Massachusetts, 87 Mount Vernon St, Boston, MA 02108.
	"Brown photograph of Dighton Rock as seen from the shore, 1915" Publications of The Colonial Society of Massachusetts, Volume XX, The Colonial Society of Massachusetts, 87 Mount Vernon St, Boston, MA 02108.
	Harrison-Gardner photo of Dighton Rock, 1875 Publications of The Colonial Society of Massachusetts, Volume XX, The Colonial Society of Massachusetts, 87 Mount Vernon St, Boston, MA 02108.
	Cotton Mather drawing of Dighton Rock, 1712, from Philosophical Transactions, 1714 Publications of The Colonial Society of Massachusetts, Volume XX, The Colonial Society of Massachusetts, 87 Mount Vernon St, Boston, MA 02108.
	Francis A. Silva, "Indian Rock, Narragansett Bay" before 1886, detail Copyright holder unknown. Karen Halttunen photo
	Thomas Cole, "View from Mount Holyoke, Northampton, Massachusetts, after a Thunderstorm — The Oxbow," 1836, oil on canvas; 51 1/2 x 76 in. (130.8 x 193 cm) Copyright Metropolitan Museum of Art, 1000 Fifth Ave., New York, NY 10028-0198. Gift of Mrs. Russell Sage, 1908 (08.228). All rights reserved. http://metmus.org
	Winslow Homer, "On A Lee Shore," 1900, oil on canvas, 39 x 39 in. Copyright Rhode Island School of Design Museum of Art, 2 College St, Providence, RI 02903. All rights reserved.
	Winslow Homer, "The Bridle Path, White Mountains," 1868, oil on canvas, 61.3 x 96.5 cm Courtesy of the Sterling and Francine Clark Art Institute, 225 South St, Williamstown, MA 01267. All rights reserved. Our thanks to The Institute.
	Winslow Homer, "Prout's Neck"(?), "Maine Coast" (?) Location unknown
	Winslow Homer, "High Cliff, Coast of Maine," 1894, oil on canvas, 30 1/4 x 38 1/4 in. (76.8 x 97.2 cm) Copyright Smithsonian American Art Museum, MRC 970, PO Box 37012, Washington DC 20013-7012. Gift of William T. Evans. 1909.7.29. All rights reserved.
	Winslow Homer, "Eastern Point," 1900, oil on canvas, 76.8 x 123.2 cm Courtesy of The Sterling and Francine Clark Art Institute, 225 South St, Williamstown, MA 01267. All rights reserved. 1955.6. Our thanks to The Institute.
	William Guy Wall, "Newport Ruin," c. 1835 Copyright holder unknown. In Philip Ainsworth Means, "Newport Tower," Henry Holt and Co, Inc, 175 Fifth Ave, New York, NY 10010, 1942, fig. 51
	"The Moody Foot Mark Quarry," So. Hadley, MA; house with horse and carriage passing by Location unknown
	Mrs. Chansonetta Emmons' daughter, Dorothy, Ogunquit, ME, 1910. Copyright holder unknown. Chansonetta S. Emmons photo. In Susan Mahnke, ed., "Looking Back: Images of New England 1860-1930," Yankee Publishing Inc., PO Box 520, Dublin, NH 03444, 1982, p. 157
	"The Indian Chief, Mt. Pemigewasset," Franconia Notch, NH, n.d., postcard Collection of Prof. Karen Halttunen
	"Abram's Rock, Swansea, Mass.," photo Collection of Prof. Karen Halttunen
	George Holland, "Federal Hall," New York City, 1797. The Stokes Collection. Courtesy of The New York Public Library, 1211 Ave. of the Americas, New York, NY 10036. Our thanks to the Library. In American Heritage, XX, I, Dec. 1968, p. 25. 8.4.1
	"Washington's Barge at his Inaugural," 1789, painting. See also NP-A-3. Copyright holder unknown. The National Gallery of Art, 2000B South Club Drive, Landover, MD 20785. In American Heritage, XX, 4, June, 1969, pp. 78-9. 8.4.1
	"Washington's Barge" on his way to his Inaugural, 1789, painting, detail. See also NP-A-2. Copyright holder unknown. The National Gallery of Art, 2000B South Club Drive, Landover, MD 20785. In American Heritage, XX, 4, June 1969, pp. 78-9. 8.4.1
	Rembrandt Peale, Thomas Jefferson, 1805. The New-York Historical Society, 170 Central Park West, New York, NY 10024. In Eds. of American Heritage, An American Heritage Pictorial History of the Presidents of the U.S., Vol. I, 1968, p. 90. 8.4.1
	The Capitol, Washington, DC. The Capitol in 1800 had only a north wing and was not completed by its deadline. Painting. Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division, Washington, D.C. 20540. LC-DIG-ppmsca-07708. In Eds. of American Heritage, An American Heritage Pictorial History of the Presidents of the U.S., Vol. I, 1968, p. 35. 8.4.1
	Congress' first brawl, between Griswold and Lyon, 1798. Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division, Washington, DC 20540. LC-USZ62-1551. In Eds. of American Heritage, An American Heritage Pictorial History of the Presidents of the U.S., Vol. I, 1968, p. 83. 8.4.1
	John Adams, 1798. Copyright holder unknown. Adams National Historic Park, 135 Adams St., Quincy, MA 02169-1749. In Eds. of American Heritage, An American Heritage Pictorial History of the Presidents of the U.S., Vol. I, 1968, p. 62. 8.4.1
	Washington's death. US National Archives and Records Administration, 8601 Adelphi Road, College Park, MD 20740-6001. NARA 148-GW-590. The New-York Historical Society, 170 Central Park West, New York, NY 10024. In The Eds. of American Heritage, An American Heritage History of the Presidents of the U.S., Vol. I, 1968, p. 55. 8.4.1
	Edward Savage, George Washington with his wife Martha and her grandchildren, 1789-96. Copyright holder unknown. The National Gallery of Art, 2000B South Club Drive, Landover, MD 20785. In Eds. of American Heritage, An American Heritage Pictorial History of the Presidents of the U.S., Vol. I, 1968, pp. 54-5. 8.4.1
	A Federalist cartoon showing Washington marching out to meet French republican "cannibals". The New-York Historical Society, 170 Central Park West, New York, NY 10024. In Eds. of American Heritage, An American Heritage Pictorial History of the Presidents of the U.S., Vol. I, 1968, p. 27. 8.4.1
	John Quincy Adams posing for the camera two days before his death in 1848. He was the first president to be photographed. The Phelps Stokes Collection. The Metropolitan Museum of Art, 1000 Fifth Ave., New York, NY 10028-0198. In Eds. of American Heritage, An American Heritage Pictorial History of the Presidents of the U.S., I, 1968, p. 192. 8.4.1
	Edward Savage, The Washington Family, 1789-96. Copyright holder unknown. The National Gallery of Art, 2000B South Club Drive, Landover, MD 20785. In American Heritage, XIV, 3, April 1963, p. 32. 8.4.1
	Jefferson's being robbed by Napoleon and King George, symbolic of the effect of the war between France and England upon U.S. trade. Cartoon, 1805. New York Public Library, 1211 Ave. of the Americas, New York, NY 10036. In Eds. of American Heritage, An American Heritage Pictorial History of the Presidents of the U.S., I, 1968, p. 117. 8.4.1
	Washington taking the Oath of Office. Drawing. Courtesy of The New York Public Library, 1211 Ave. of the Americas, New York, NY 10036. Our thanks to The Library. In American Heritage, IV, 3, Spring 1953, p. 6. 8.4.1
	Grant Wood, "Parson Weems" fable, 1939. A black and white version of George Washington with his little hatchet, being upbraided. Wills: "'The hero is Washington's father…"Run to my arms you dearest boy," cried his father; "Glad am I, George, that you killed my tree, for you have paid me for it a thousand fold. Such an act of heroism in my son is worth more than a thousand trees..." It was in this way, by interesting at once both his heart and head, that Mr. Washington conducted George with great ease and pleasure along the happy paths of virtue.'" The moral is directed at the parents. Reference in Wood's picture is made to Gilbert Stuart's Atheneum portrait. "The heart of a president in his sixties stuck in the body of a boy. Wood is saying that the Weems child is no child at all, but an ageless demi-human sent to blight playgrounds with adult counsel. He is an infiltrator from a parsonical world." Courtesy of The Amon Carter Museum, 3501 Camp Bowie Blvd., Fort Worth, TX 76107-2695. All rights reserved. Our thanks to The Museum for its generosity. In Garry Wills, Cincinnatus, 1984, pp. xviii and 39-40. 8.4.1
	New Orleans in 1803, the year it became American. Its strategic location was one reason for the Louisiana Purchase. Chicago Historical Society, Clark Street at North Ave., Chicago, IL 60614-6071. In Eds. of American Heritage, "The American Heritage Pictorial History of the Presidents of the U. S.," Vol. 1, 1968, pp. 112-13. 8.4.1
	Edward Hicks, "Niagara Falls," Bucks County, PA, 1825-26, oil on yellow poplar panel. Courtesy of The Abby Aldrich Rockefeller Folk Art Museum, The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, P.O. Box 1776, Williamsburg, VA 23187-1776. All rights reserved. Our thanks to the Museum. 8.4.1
	Robert Havell, Jr., "Niagara Falls," color aquatint, 1845. Stokes Collection. Courtesy of The New York Public Library, 1211 Ave. of the Americas, New York, NY 10036. Our thanks to the NYPL. 8.4.1
	Frederic E. Church, "Niagara," 1857. Copyright The Corcoran Museum of Art, 500 17th St. NW, Washington DC 20006. All rights reserved. In David C. Huntington, "The Landscapes of Frederic Edwin Church," 1966. Our thanks to the Corcoran. 8.4.1
	Frederic E. Church, "Niagara," 1857. Detail of SY-N-5. Copyright The Corcoran Museum of Art, 500 17th St. NW, Washington, DC 20006. All rights reserved. In David C. Huntington, "The Landscapes of Frederic Edwin Church," 1966. Our thanks to the Corcoran. 8.4.1
	John Bornet, "Niagara Falls, American Side," 1855, lithograph. Detail. Overstates the quantity of water coming down. The Philadelphia Print Shop, Ltd., 8441 Germantown Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19118. In American Heritage, June 1964, p. 32. Our thanks to The Philadelphia Print Shop. 8.4.1
	The "Niagara Leap" by "the Wonderful Buislay Family," a circus and theater headliner inspired by the Frenchman Blondin (Jean Francois Gravelet), pioneer tightrope walker, who did a Niagara tightrope walk in 1859. Harvard Theatre Collection, Houghton Library, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138. In American Heritage, June 1964, p. 46. 8.4.1
	Rembrandt Peale, "Jefferson's Rock, Harper's Ferry," c. 1826, lithograph. Copyright holder and location unknown. 8.4.1
	View of Washington, D.C. from the South Bank of the Anacostia River, 1834. The Capitol is the large building on the hill. In the distance to the left is the White House, and in the foreground is the Navy Yard. Copyright holder unknown. Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division, Washington, DC 20540. In John W. Reps, "The Making of Urban America," Princeton University Press, Princeton, N.J., 1965, p. 258. 8.4.1
	Nature, Wonder, Wisdom34 Native Americans with rush-mat houses and canoes in a temporary fishing camp in what is now Wisconsin; drawing by Francis Compte de Castelnau, French naturalist and explorer of North America, 1838. Francis Compte de Castelnau, "Vues et Souvenirs de l'Amérique du Nord," Paris, 1842. In Alvin M. Josephy, Jr., ed., "America in 1492," (New York: Alfred A. Knopf, Inc., Knopf Domestic Rights, 299 Park Ave, 3rd Fl, New York, NY 10171) 1992, p. 123.
	Ca-P01-d1 British frigate "HMS Pearl off Québec," Canada, 1785. William Elliott, London, oil on canvas. The artist sailed aboard The Pearl. Copyright © Royal Ontario Museum, 100 Queen's Park, Toronto, ON M5S 2C6 CANADA. Gift of Dr. Sigmund Samuel. 961.2. All rights reserved. Image available at William R. Wilson, Historical Narratives of Early Canada: www.uppercanadahistory.ca.
	Rev-p19-b02 Little Turtle, or Mishikinakwa (c. 1747-1812): "As a war chief of the Miami nation, he defeated US forces on the Miami River in 1791 and at St. Mary's. Little Turtle initially fought alongside Blue Jacket, but by the time of the great Indian defeat at Fallen Timbers, 1794, he had begun to counsel peace. In 1797 he met George Washington and became an ally of the Americans. Little Turtle kept the Miamis neutral during Tecumseh's wars against the whites. He died at Fort Wayne, Indiana, in 1812." - Famous Native American Leaders, Dover Press. Lithograph reputedly based on a lost portrait by Gilbert Stuart, destroyed when the British burned Washington, DC, 1814. National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution, Museum Support Center, 4210 Silver Hill Rd, Suitland, MD 20746. Text: Dover Press, 42-2nd St, North Andover, MA 01845. Date unknown.
	Rev-p16-b03 Building a log cabin on the frontier. Source unknown. In Alvin M. Josephy, American Heritage Book of the Pioneer Spirit (New York: American Heritage Publishing, 1959), p. 125.
	Rev-p19-a01 Baron Hector de Carondelet, who relieved Esteban Miró as Governor of Spanish Louisiana and West Florida (1791-97). He allied with local Indian tribes to defend disputed territory against US settlers, and negotiated with Gen. James Wilkinson in an effort to take trans-Appalachian territories from the US for Spain. Copyright © Louisiana State Museum, PO Box 2448, New Orleans, LA 70176. Stephen Duplantier. All rights reserved.
	Rev-p16-a02 Border settlers in the Ohio Valley clear the land, chop down trees and cook over an open fire, in this depiction of early American frontier life, c. 1800. F.O.C. Darley wood engraving, c. 1855. Harper's Magazine, c. 1855. Library of Congress, Washington, DC 20540. LC-USZ62-61130.
	Rev-p19-b04 The Battle of the Wabash. The greatest First Nations victory after the Revolution occurred in 1791 when allied tribes under the Miami chief Little Turtle destroyed an American army, killing or wounding 900 of 1400 ill-trained and ill-equipped US soldiers sent to oust them from the territory north of the Ohio River. Title: "Columbian Tragedy: Containing a Particular and Official Account of the Brave and Unfortunate Officers and Soldiers..." Broadside. (Boston: E. Russell, 1791.) Glick Indiana History Center, 450 W Ohio St, Indianapolis, IN 46202. SC 0267.
	Rev-p19-d03 Following the Battle of Fallen Timbers, the Treaty of Greenville ended the US-First Nations war. It was signed in August 1795 by Gen. Anthony Wayne and representatives of the Wyandot, Delaware, Shawnee, Ottawa, Ojibwa, Potawatomi, Miami, Eel River, Wea, Kickapoo, Piankashaw, and Kaskaskia peoples. The treaty removed the Native Americans from most of the Ohio Valley. Unknown artist, early 19th c. Image online at Ohio Historical Society, Ohio Historical Center, 1982 Velma Ave, Columbus, OH 43211. Coll. No: SC 404. Image No: AL00235.
	Rev-p19-c03 Gen. "Mad Anthony" Wayne orders a charge at the critical battle of Fallen Timbers, 1794, near present-day Toledo, OH. Here American troops under Wayne routed Chief Little Turtle of the Miamis and his Indian allies, forcing the chiefs of the Northwest Territory to give up their lands in the Treaty of Greenville, 1795. - American Heritage. Copyright © Winterthur Museum & Country Estate, Winterthur, DE 19735. All rights reserved. Text: Ralph K. Andrist, "The American Heritage History of the Making of the Nation," (American Heritage Publishing Co., 416 Hungerford Dr, Ste 216, Rockville, MD 20850-4127) 1969, p. 72.
	Rev-p16-c01 American log cabin. Built by a lone pioneer from the surrounding wilderness, the cabin has always been an important symbol in US history. Victor Collot, "Voyage dans l'Amérique Septentrionale," (Paris: A. Bertrand, 1826). Library of Congress Geography and Map Division, Washington, DC 20540. F353 .C71.
	Rev-p16-c04 Daniel Boone (1734-1820), Kentucky's most famous early frontiersman. Chester Harding painting, c. 1818. Copyright © Museum of The Filson Historical Society, 1310 S Third St, Louisville, KY 40208. All rights reserved.
	Rev-p17-d04 Southeastern Indians' log house, 1791. Creeks in Alabama and Georgia accepted the style of the log cabin construction of white frontiersmen. Henry Rowe Schoolcraft, "History of the Indian Tribes of the US," 1855, vol. 5, pl. 30. Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division, Washington, DC 20540. LC-USZ62-60814.
	Rev-p16-d03 Detroit, 1794. "A French outpost 1701-60, for the next 36 years it was held by the British, and they used it after 1775 as a base for their attacks on the American frontier." - Richard Ketchum. Watercolor. Burton Historical Collection, Detroit Public Library, 5201 Woodward Ave, Detroit, MI 48202.
	Rev-p16-b02 "Spring - Burning Fallen Trees in a Girdled Clearing, Western Scene." Farmers clear land by girdling, then burning trees. George Harvey watercolor, c. 1840. Copyright © Brooklyn Museum of Art, 200 Eastern Parkway, Brooklyn, NY 11238-6052. Dick S. Ramsay Fund. Acc. No: 46.49. All rights reserved. Our thanks to the Brooklyn Museum for its generosity to our Project over the years.
	Rev-p16-e02 American Col. George Rogers Clark, shown as a Brigadier General in old age, c. 1800. Matthew H. Jouett painting. Copyright © Filson Historical Society, 1310 S Third St, Louisville, KY 40208. All rights reserved.
	Rev-p16-b04 Fort Boonesborough's palisade created cramped siege quarters in 1778 for the scores of settlers and their livestock coming in from the east. It was short of water and had only the most primitive sanitation. "Fort Boonesborough, established in 1775 by Judge Richard Henderson and the Transylvania Company as the capital of a planned royal colony, was one of the most important frontier sites in Kentucky. Built defensively as a stockaded enclosure of log cabins, it gave sanctuary to hundreds of settlers coming into Kentucky along the Wilderness Road." - Webb Museum. Filson Historical Society, 1310 S Third St, Louisville, KY 40208. Text: The William S. Webb Museum of Anthropology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506.
	Rev-p19-d04 "An Osage Warrior," 1804. "By the 19th century the Osage tribe were living in Missouri. In 1804 members of the Meriwether Lewis and William Clark expedition encountered the Osage. They gave a friendly reception to the explorers and were extremely interested in trading goods. They were given peace medals and the following year some of their leaders visited Washington where they met President Thomas Jefferson, who described them as 'the finest men we have ever seen.' He also arranged for them to be painted by Charles Fevret de Saint-Mémin. The Osage raised crops but during the summer they went on buffalo hunts in Kansas. In about 1820 the Osage migrated from Missouri to Kansas. Hunting buffalo now became more important to the tribe. Every part of the buffalo was used. They provided them with food (meat), shelter (buffalo skin tipi covers), clothing (hide robes), fuel (dried buffalo dung), tools (horn spoons and bone hide scrapers), weapons (buffalo hide shields and bow strings) and equipment (rawhide envelopes for storing food). The Osage were friendly to the American settlers and served as army scouts. However, in 1870 they were forcibly removed to the Indian Territory in Oklahoma." - John Simkin, Spartacus Educational. Copyright © Winterthur Museum & Country Estate, Winterthur, DE 19735. All rights reserved. Text: John Simkin, Spartacus Educational, www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/WWosage.
	Rev-p19-e04 Cincinnati, OH, 1788. A surveyor sights along what was to become Front St., past the first house in the city and a flatboat in the foreground. Ohio Historical Society, 1982 Velma Ave, Columbus, OH 43211.
	Rev-p19-d02 Forced to sign away their rights to the Ohio Valley in the Treaty of Greenville, 1795, Native Americans made their marks beside the English spelling of their names. US National Archives and Records Administration, 8601 Adelphi Rd, College Park, MD 20740-6001.
	Rev-p16-e01 Map: "A Plan of the several Villages in the Illinois country" south of St. Louis, 1778. "By the middle of the 18th century about 1500 people - 500 of whom were slaves - lived in these villages. They produced a formidable quantity of cereals and other crops, much of which was exported downstream to the new focus of French power around New Orleans. Indeed, the Illinois Country, which had been largely peopled from Canada, looked more and more towards New Orleans as time went by, and the Mississippi valley came to be a sort of French preserve." - Newberry Library. (London, 1778.) Thomas Hutchins map based on French map, Paris. Newberry Library, 60 W. Walton St, Chicago, IL 60610. Edward E. Ayer Collection.
	Rev-p16-a03 An early frontiersman, a western Virginia homesteader with rifle, hatchet and scalping knife, Thomas Hughes was killed by Indians. "A famous pioneer and Indian fighter of Harrison County..." Joseph H. Diss Debar, sketch from oral description, 1847. West Virginia State Archives, 1900 Kanawha Blvd, E, Charleston, WV 25305-0300. Diss Debar Collection No. 67.
	Federalists_and_Unity22 "Venerate the plough," the plan of a farmyard, 1786. A farmer plows a field with an ox-team, followed by a goddess representing agriculture." Etching. Columbian Magazine, 1786. Library of Congress Rare Book and Special Collections Division, Washington, DC 20540. LC-USZ62-31153.
	Towards_Revolution34 "The Residence of David Twining, 1787," a farm in Bucks County, PA. Edward Hicks, oil, 1845-48. Courtesy of The Abby Aldrich Rockefeller Folk Art Museum, Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, PO Box 1776, Williamsburg, VA 23187-1776. All rights reserved. Our thanks to Colonial Williamsburg.
	From_Revolution_to_Constitution17 Edmund Randolph of Virginia, President Washington's Secretary of State 1794-95, and first US Attorney General. Albert Rosenthal etching, 1888, from the original in the Virginia State House, Richmond, VA. Harvard Law School Library, Legal Portrait Project Online, Langdell Hall, 1545 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02138.

November 23, 2009

programs

resources

staff

contact

calendar

Grants & Projects

News