 | Quincy Granite Railway, with horse, 1826 William F. Robinson, "Abandoned New England," (Boston: New York Graphic Society, 1976) |
 | Emigrating settlers glide down the Ohio River on flatboat loaded with livestock, c. 1788 Copyright holder unknown. The Granger Collection, 381 Park Avenue South, New York, NY 10016 |
 | Unidentified artist, "Train on Portage Bridge," possibly NY, probably 1852-75, oil on canvas; overall: 33 x 42 in.; framed: 37 3/4 x 47 1/2 x 2 3/4 in. Courtesy of The Abby Aldrich Rockefeller Folk Art Museum, The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, P.O. Box 1776, Williamsburg, VA 23187-1776. 1958.102.5. All rights reserved. Our thanks to the Museum. |
 | Frances F. Palmer, "'Wooding Up' on the Mississippi," steamboats, Currier and Ives, 1863 Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division, Washington, DC 20540. LC-USZ62-2551 |
 | Charles R. Parsons and Lyman W. Atwater, "An American Railway Scene at Hornellsville, Erie Railway [New York]," Currier and Ives, 1876 Courtesy of The Museum of the City of New York, 1220 5th Ave, New York, NY 10029. www.mcny.org. In Walton Rawls, "The Great Book of Currier and Ives' America," 1979, p. 239. Our thanks to The Museum of the City of New York. |
 | Frances F. Palmer, "American Express Train" with steamboat in background, Currier and Ives, 1864 Courtesy of The Museum of the City of New York, 1220 5th Ave, New York, NY 10029. www.mcny.org. Our thanks to The Museum of the City of New York. |
 | "Exciting Race between Mr. Peter Cooper's Locomotive, Tom Thumb, and a Horse-Car," the first steam-powered locomotive, built by Peter Cooper for B & O Railroad, racing a horse-drawn car, 1830 The New Jersey Historical Society, 52 Park Place, Newark, NJ 07102. |
 | Mary Keys, "A View of Lockport on the Erie Canal, New York," 1832, pen and ink and watercolor with gouache, on board, 14 x 18 in. / 35.6 x 45.7 cm. Copyright holder unknown. Sold 2003. |
 | John William Hill, "View on the Erie Canal," 1829, watercolor on paper, 9 3/4 x 13 3/4 in. The New York Public Library, Fifth Ave & 42nd St, New York, NY 10018. The I.N. Phelps Stokes Collection of American Historical Prints (see the NYPL site for further information: www.nypl.org) |
 | Frances F. Palmer, "The Champions of the Mississippi," steamboats racing, Currier and Ives, c. 1866 Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division, Washington, DC 20540. LC-USZC2-3743 |
 | Marie-Adrien Persac, "Interior of the Main Cabin of the Steamboat 'Princess/Imperial,'" 1861, gouache and collage on paper With the kind permission of The LSU Museum of Art. Copyright Louisiana State University Museum of Art, Shaw Center for the Arts, 100 Lafayette St, Baton Rouge, LA 70801. Gift of Mrs. Mamie Persac Lusk. LSU MOA, 75.8. All rights reserved. Our thanks to the Shaw Center. |
 | George Caleb Bingham, "Jolly Flatboatmen in Port," 1857, oil on canvas, 47 1/16 x 69 5/8 in. (119.5 x 176.8 cm)
Courtesy of The St. Louis Art Museum, 1 Fine Arts Dr, St. Louis, MO 63110. Museum Purchase. 123:1944. All rights reserved. Our thanks for the generosity of the St. Louis Art Museum. |
 | "Steam-Boat 'Knickerbocker,'" Currier and Ives, n.d. Courtesy of The Museum of the City of New York, 1220 5th Ave, New York, NY 10029. www.mcny.org. Our thanks to the Museum for its generosity. |
 | Leon Pomarede, "View of Early St. Louis" with steamboats, 1832, oil on canvas, 28.5 in. (72.39 cm) x 38.5 in. (97.79 cm)
Copyright holder unknown. (Sold 2007?). In "The Growing Years, The Life History of the U.S.," Vol. 3, Time-Life Books, 1974, p. 167 |
 | Frances F. Palmer, "A Night on the Hudson: 'Through at Daylight,'" two side-wheeler steamboats, Currier and Ives, 1864 Metropolitan Museum of Art, 1000 Fifth Ave., New York, NY 10028-0198. http://metmus.org |
 | Conestoga wagon Karen Halttunen photo. Shelburne Museum, PO Box 10, Shelburne, VT 05482. |
 | Tavern, 1830s, modern adaptation, Old Sturbridge Village, MA Karen Halttunen photo. Old Sturbridge Village, MA. |
 | "Phoenix Line 'Safety Coaches'"; this Baltimore-Washington stagecoach could travel 45 miles in five hours, c. 1835, lithographed ad Maryland Historical Society, 201 W Monument St, Baltimore, MD 21201-4674. |
 | Conestoga wagon Karen Halttunen photo. Shelburne Museum, PO Box 10, Shelburne, VT 05482 |
 | "Waterloo Inn, The First Stage from Baltimore to Washington, D.C.," 1827, lithograph J. F. Fitzgerald De Ros, "Personal narrative of travels in the United States and Canada in 1826," 1827. Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division, Washington, DC. LC-USZ62-1236. Maryland Historical Society, 201 W Monument St, Baltimore, MD 21201-4674. |
 | Woodbridge, road and Cross Keys Tavern, Middlesex County, NJ, 1794 Location unknown |
 | "American Stage Waggon," Spread Eagle Tavern, Stafford, PA, on the "Great Road" between Philadelphia and Lancaster, 1798, J. Stoner engraving Isaac Weld, "Travels Through the States of North America, and the Provinces of Upper and Lower Canada, during the Years 1795, 1796, and 1797," London, England, 1799. Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division, Washington, DC 20540. LC-USZ62-1800 |
 | Glass-sided hearse Karen Halttunen photo. Shelburne Museum, PO Box 10, Shelburne, VT 05482 |
 | Hotel coach Karen Halttunen photo. Shelburne Museum, PO Box 10, Shelburne, VT 05482 |
 | Interior, Central Pacific Railroad Passenger Station, Old Sacramento State Historic Park. Courtesy of The California State Railroad Museum Library, 111 I St, Sacramento, CA 95814. All rights reserved. Our thanks to the Museum. |
 | Thomas Hill, "The Last Spike," c. 1881, completion of the transcontinental railroad; note absence of Chinese workers Copyright holder unknown. California State Railroad Museum, Sacramento, CA. Engraving in E. McD. Johnstone, "Pacific Coast Souvenir," Oakland, California, E.S. Denison, 1888 |
 | The transcontinental railroad completion, Promontory, UT, 1869; note absence of Chinese workers. "East shakes hands with West at laying last rail." Copyright holder unknown. Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division, Washington, DC 20540. LC-USZ62-57524 |
 | Hannibal-St. Joseph Railroad Line, 1875, ad Chicago Historical Society, 1601 N Clark St, Chicago, IL 60614 |
 | A group atop Mt. Monadnock, NH, 1908. Frederick W. Greene photo. Copyright holder unknown. In Susan Mahnke, ed., "Looking Back: Images of New England 1860-1930," Yankee Publishing Inc., PO Box 520, Dublin, NH 03444, 1982, p. 119 |
 | "Section of the Earth's Crust," 19th century Karen Halttunen photo |
 | Dighton Rock with Captain Seth Eastman, the first published photo, in Henry R. Schoolcraft, 1853 Copyright holder unknown. In Journal of American History, 26 (1932): 79. Karen Halttunen photo |
 | Scenographical geology: "View of Zoar Bridge," Mrs. Hitchcock, del(ineator), published 1841 Karen Halttunen photo. Edward Hitchcock, Final Report on the Geology of Massachusetts, 1841, p. 262 |
 | Geological sections of Mount Tom Range, Holyoke, MA, chart Karen Halttunen photo |
 | The St. Louis levee in the heyday of water transportation, engraving, 1871 Harper's Weekly, Oct. 14, 1871 |
 | "Pleasure Railway at Hoboken," lithograph, 1833. One of the attractions at Colonel John Stevens' Elysian Fields resort across the Hudson, it was set up to stimulate business for his ferry from Manhattan. Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division, Washington, DC 20540. LC-USZ62-27989. Courtesy of The Museum of the City of New York, 1220 Fifth Ave. at 103rd St., New York, NY 10029. Our thanks to the Museum. In John A. Kouwenhoven, "Columbia Historical Portrait of New York," 1953, p. 151. 8.6.2 |
 | A train frightens deer on the plains near Omaha, Nebraska, 1870. Copyright holder unknown. Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division, Washington, DC 20540. In Edwin C. Rozwenc, "Restless Americans," Vol. I, 1972, p. 126. 8.6.2 |
 | View of St. Paul's and Broadway stagecoaches, New York, 1831. The iconography of commerce. Signs begin to become important features of pictures of New York. Courtesy of the Museum of the City of New York, 1220 Fifth Ave. at 103rd St., New York, NY 10029. All rights reserved. Our thanks to the Museum. In John A. Kouwenhoven, "Columbia Historical Portrait of New York," 1953, p. 147. 8.6.2 |
 | Transformations_and_Revolutions30
William Henry Harrison was buried in 1841 on his plantation in North Bend, Ohio. Horse-drawn barge on canal and steamboat on river. Symmes and Washington Aves, North Bend, OH 45052. Harrison Symmes Memorial Foundation, 110 Spring St, Cleves, OH 45002. |
 | Fish dry at back of train's caboose while wealthy white folks smile proudly; n.d. Source unknown. |
 | Transformations_and_Revolutions11
"Exciting Race between Mr. Peter Cooper's Locomotive, Tom Thumb, and a Horse-Car," Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, Aug. 28, 1830. The sketch represents the moment the engine overtook and passed the horse-car, the passengers filled with excitement. William H. Brown, "The History of the First Locomotives in America," Ch. XX, (New York: D. Appleton and Co.) 1871. |
 | Jacksons_America15
Cartoon, “Wedding of the Waters.” DeWitt Clinton pours water from Lake Erie into New York Harbor, marrying the Great Lakes to the Atlantic Ocean and cementing economic unity between the North and Midwest. "The completion of the publicly financed Erie Canal, celebrated by Gov. DeWitt Clinton of New York in 1827, was just another example of business getting a helping hand from government."
Culver Pictures. In Roger Butterfield, "The American Past: A History of the United States," (Simon and Schuster, Inc., 1230 Avenue of the Americas, New York, NY 10020) 1947, p. 76. Also in Jeff Madrick, "Less Government Better for Business? Not if History Provides a Guide," New York Times, Jan. 20, 2005. http://www.nytimes.com/2005/01/20/business/20scene. And The Granger Collection, 381 Park Ave South, New York, NY 10016. |
 | Slavery_to_180020
Slaves hoeing: Forced labor of black and white workers, 18th c., handerchief, detail.
Location unknown. In R. Jackson Wilson, et al., "The Pursuit of Liberty: A History of the American People," (Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458) 1996, vol. 1, p. 79. |
 | Civil_War_Box_1_of_242
View on the U.S. military railroad in front of Petersburg, VA, 1864. William Waud drawing. Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division, Washington, DC 20540. LC-USZ62-13996. |
 | Transformations_and_Revolutions24
First car used on the first railway in America, Quincy, MA, Granite Railway Co., from a replica. Thomas Crane Public Library, 40 Washington St, Quincy, MA 02169. In Malcolm Kier, "The March of Commerce," in R.H. Gabriel, ed., "The Pageant of America: A Pictorial History of the United States," (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1927) vol. 4, p. 103, fig. 243. |
 | Civil_War_Box_1_of_245
"Ruin of Hood's Ammunition Train & Schofield Rolling Mill, near Atlanta, GA, Sept. 1864," during Union General Sherman's march through Georgia. George N. Barnard photograph. US National Archives and Records Administration, 8601 Adelphi Rd, College Park, MD 20740-6001. 111-B-4786. |
 | Transformations_and_Revolutions04
The first passenger rail car, Baltimore & Ohio, 1830. Reconstruction by Heinmiller. In Malcolm Kier, "The March of Commerce," in R.H. Gabriel, ed., "The Pageant of America: A Pictorial History of the United States," (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1927) vol. 4, p. 103, fig. 245. |
 | Transformations_and_Revolutions15
New York & Erie Railroad toll rates, 1849, detail; print. New-York Historical Society, 170 Central Park W, New York, NY 10024. |
 | Transformations_and_Revolutions13
"A Horse Power Locomotive - The Flying Dutchman," c. 1830, Baltimore & Ohio Railroad. The horse walked on a treadmill. William H. Brown, "The History of the First Locomotives in America," Ch. XXVII, (New York: D. Appleton And Co.) 1871. In Malcolm Kier, "The March of Commerce," in R.H. Gabriel, ed., "The Pageant of America: A Pictorial History of the United States," (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1927) vol. 4, p. 108, fig. 260. |
“I can always rely on the History Project as a place to go and be treated as a professional. As a participant I benefit from the curriculum provided that I can use directly in my classroom. I increase my understanding of the subject matter with lectures from and interaction college professors. And I am continually challenged to produce lessons of my own based on my research. I am more thoughtful in planning - integrating new strategies each year to improve my students' learning. My students benefit because of the strategies that I am able to incorporate into my teaching and by the specific knowledge that I receive. My students also benefit because I return to school each year invigorated and rejuvenated.”
Jessica Williams
Teacher
Winters High School, Winters USD